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Posts Tagged ‘World’

Article by Sharon White

Financial development is one of the essential conditions for the growth and development of each nation. The government’s function in motivating economic intensification has been a contentious subject of open debates for ages. This article will attempt to give details on some of the most important financial concepts all through the history, and some of the economic models used in the growing world.

One of the first schools of economic thought was mercantilism. It emerged in the 16th century and influenced most of Western Europe. Mercantilists favored foreign trade and manufacture and viewed money (gold) as a source of prosperity of one nation. The state was considered both the regulator and enforcer of economic policies and the beneficiary of the achieved wealth. In 1776, a brilliant Scottish philosopher and economist Adam Smith published his book “The Wealth of Nations”, in which he proposed the concepts of free trade, market economy and less state involvement. A direct challenge to mercantilism, his theory marked a new era of economic thought and introduced political economy, a concept that later developed into a separate systematic discipline. The 19th century was marked with the ideas of Karl Marx, who advocated state ownership over the means of production and centrally planned economy. In the 20th century, Sir John Maynard Keynes emphasized the necessity of government investments in times of slow economy, even at the cost of budget deficit, to provide employment and keep economy vital. His ideas were embraced by President Roosevelt and helped to boost US economy after the Great Depression and World War II. Finally, laissez faire economy, a part of libertarian ideology of the 20th century involves minimal government involvement and relies primarily on market forces to determine economic policies.

In developing countries, weak economy, high poverty, dependence on global markets and limited investment power encouraged many governments to assume an active economic role. Some of the major economic models implemented and their impact on countries’ development are described further in this essay.

Command economy stemmed from Marxist ideology. Promising “great equality and social justice” and “freedom from dependency”, that system was appealing to many leaders of developing countries, especially where the difference between the rich and the poor was significant. The main feature of command economy is state ownership and management of the means of production – factories, banks, infrastructure and farms. Private sector is very limited. Production decisions are not governed by market forces, but are rather set forth by centralized state planning. At their start, command economies displayed surprising results in economic performance. GNP in Soviet Union grew 5% annually during the first few decades of industrialization. China showed even better results of 8.2% annual economic growth, far exceeding the norms even of industrialized democracies. Command economy also reduced income inequalities, distributed land through agrarian reform and implemented free health care and education. However, it showed its weaknesses soon. As the economy becomes more complex, it’s harder to manage centrally. Production and demand are not synchronized, primarily because the bureaucratic apparatus in charge of planning does not have the necessary skills or technology to conduct marketing surveys.

Article by Sonal Arya

Economy is a term of social science which is known to all of us. If we talk about Indian economy, then it occupies the 12th place in the biggest economies of world in terms of USD exchange rate. India has the GDP of $ 1 trillion. In spite of the declaration of World Bank as the low-income economy, India has emerged as the second fastest economy in the world. India has recorded the GDP growth rate of 9.1 percent. Many countries in the world still feels that India is an underdeveloped nation but the real fact is that it is one of the biggest industrial giants.

These days India is not only confined to its traditional sector i.e. agriculture. With the sharp Indian minds economy in India is entering and gaining boost in the new fields. Indian minds are respected all over the world and this is the reason Indian are working as top officials in various sectors outside India. The emergence of Indian economy as the second fastest growing economy has opened various gates for India to start global trading. Indian economy is now engaged in agriculture, handicrafts, manufacturing, IT, BPO, aviation, textile, petroleum and mining etc.

More recently Indian economy has grown very vast with the foreign investment. India is serving major new fields and in some sectors leading undisputedly. India is providing business and services to various other major economies. The recent sectors that have shown strong potential with high growth rates are BPO, Telecommunication, IT, Finance, Biotechnology, Nanotechnology, Aviation, Travel and Tourism, Media and Entertainment, Retailing and many more.

Today major corporate and other government departments have come up with the new financial plans and led to the growth of Indian economy. India has also experienced infrastructural growth more recently. Various industrial giants in the world are collaborating with Indian companies to get the growth of the business. All these economic activities are forming a ground affirmation for India to make it the biggest economy in the world.

Article by jekky

2008, the overall deterioration of the international financial crisis spread to the real economy. The world economy going? Reporter recently interviewed the World Bank Vice President and Chief Economist, International Monetary Fund (IMF) chief economist Olivier Blanchard (OliverBlanchard) and the leading U.S. think tanks?? International Economic Research Institute Fred? Bergsten (FredBergstan) 3 international reputation of economists, listen to them freely about the world economic trends. Appears in Lin Yifu, the World economic outlook worrisome, but not As emerging economies into recession, if effective global response to world economic growth will likely “U” shaped turn, and in 2010 recovered. It is also recognized by Blanchard, in his view, there is no “magic bullet” can pass rule to the current crisis, conditions in different countries should take the responses fit. He stressed that the outlook is not optimistic, but the second half of 2009, the world economy is expected to turnaround. Bergsten believes that the current economic situation, as a world economic power in the United States and China must strengthen coordination and Cooperation He thus proposed the two groups (G2) theory, urged the two countries established a higher level, closer interaction mechanism, the two leaders can meet regularly. Possible “U”-type transitionFound under the authority of the agency, the U.S. economy was in recession in December 2007, while Germany, Japan and other developed economies are also struggling early in the recession. From the global economic perspective, the academic community generally that if the economic growth rate below 3%, which is the global recession. According to the IMF and World Bank data, global recession also be expected, China, India, Russia and other emerging economies, growth will slow sharply. Despite the clear rejection of the economic outlook forecast Blanchard is also prudent that if countries are to take positive measures to cope with the world economy will turnaround in the second half of 2009. “U.S. house prices is the initiator of the crisis, one of the second half of 2009, the price will be picked up.” He said, In addition, the financial institutions to leverage the issue to the end of 2009 will also end Banks will also be willing to loan, the financial crisis will be coming to an end. “We now forecast that the first half of 2009, the U.S. economy will register a negative growth, but the second half of slight growth occurs.” He said. With the U.S. economy out of its predicament, the world economy a new dawn. Lin Yifu, however, that although the overall pessimistic economic outlook for the world, but the national situation is controversial. “Although the United States and Europe will continue to put all the unprecedented rescue operation, but whether it can restore confidence in the market remains to be seen…… a recession, but they inevitably will.” Lin Yifu but also to judge, on the global economy as a whole, if the countries to strengthen cooperation in the world economy will be in the coming year through the current crisis, a new dawn. “If we can act together, the world economic growth will likely ‘U’ shaped turn, and a recovery in 2010.” What a breakthrough deal with the crisis For many economies, the most pressing problem is how to overcome the current crisis and prevent the economy into deep recession. Lin Yifu that in the present case, if there is room for fiscal stimulus, States should take to stimulate economic plan, increase in infrastructure, education and health sector investment, promote economic growth. Different national circumstances, investment while similar, but must pay attention to different ways and effects. Lin Yifu of the view that developed countries, the need to prevent the large-scale Japanese investment in the 90′s poor performance in the lesson. Lin Yifu in view, to stimulate the economy, developed countries can not invest for investment, but need to find appropriate areas of need bottleneck, in this way can the long-term economic growth.

Article by jekky

Network news, according to EU, Italy, EU news agency on March 3 to comment on the article that China take the road of a low carbon economy, is consistent with the current economic and social requirements of sustainable development, in line with the global climate and environment Cooperation Requirements. China should actively respond to a low carbon economy, the establishment and development of suitable low-carbon modes of production, consumption patterns and encourage low-carbon development in the international and domestic policies, legal system and market mechanisms, and ultimately economic and social, human and Natural Harmonious development. Whether China can come in the next few decades the forefront of world development, to a large extent depends on the adjustment of China’s response to the capacity of low-carbon economic development, China must take action as soon as possible to actively respond to this challenge. Comment reads as follows: Eleventh CPPCC National Committee at its third meeting is scheduled to Beijing at 15 o’clock on the March 3 at the Great Hall of the opening. The Asia Hotel is located in Beijing Mei to China in 2010 after two of the country press has officially open to the media. In this year’s “two sessions” press for a variety of domestic and international media interviews manuals are available for download, which fully reflects the low-carbon, energy-efficient Environmental protection Concept. It is understood that submitted by the Jiu San Society of China on promoting low carbon economic development proposals, were classified as at this year’s CPPCC proposals. In the CPPCC proposal group received 300 pieces from the Democratic proposal, content and more related to structural adjustment, change the mode of economic development, developing low-carbon economy, and promoting regional revitalization planning a hot topic. First in the just concluded 13th meeting of the NPC Standing Committee, Development and Reform Commission Also said that China will adopt four measures to develop Green Economy, low carbon economy and low carbon energy in a number of measures introduced. This suggests that changes in China’s economic development approach, promoting economic restructuring is becoming a society-wide consensus. The so-called low-carbon economy, is under the guidance of the concept of sustainable development, through innovation and New Energy Development and other means to minimize carbon energy consumption, reduce greenhouse gas emissions, achieve economic and social development and Ecological Environment Protection of an economic development win-win form. With low power consumption, low pollution, low-emission-based low-carbon economy is a big step forward in human society, various measures have been taken abroad, the development of low carbon economy. China, the world’s second-largest energy producer and consumer, the second largest emitter of carbon dioxide, attaches great importance to global climate change. Development of low-carbon economy, is doing the responsible big country, to achieve peaceful rise and the inevitable choice for sustainable development. At present, China has established the development of “low-carbon economy”, continuing to strengthen measures to address climate change, developed a series of promotion Energy conservation Policy for the development of low-carbon economy a boost. The development of a low carbon economy in China, where numerous benefits: a help to conserve energy, you can substantially reduce the growing energy needs, reduce dependence on imported energy, to consolidate energy security; 2 can alleviate the local pollutants and protect the integrity of the local environment; three can create new employment opportunities; 4 can promote the development of innovative and advanced technology, increased international competition in China’s advantage. Development and Reform Commission said the relevant parties to develop low-carbon economy and China’s implementation of sustainable development strategies compatible, which is building an innovative country, take the new road to industrialization, construction of ecological civilization inevitable choice. Promote the development of a low carbon economy in China industrial restructuring, change mode of economic development provides an important grasps. China take the road of a low carbon economy, is consistent with the current economic and social requirements of sustainable development, environmental cooperation is also consistent with the requirements of the global climate. China should actively respond to low-carbon economy, the establishment and development of suitable low-carbon modes of production, consumption patterns and encourage low-carbon development in the international and domestic policies, legal system and market mechanisms, and ultimately the Chinese economy and society, the harmonious development between man and nature. Whether China can come in the next few decades the forefront of world development, to a large extent depends on the adjustment of China’s response to the capacity of low-carbon economic development, China must take action as soon as possible to actively respond to this challenge.

Top 10 Home Based Business Ideas in Today’s Digital World

A couple years ago I would have never thought about the top 10 home based business ideas; but like everything and everyone, things change. In today’s economy so many people are scared of starting a home business, but it really isn’t that bad. While you hear and see on TV that people are tightening their pocketbooks, there is one thing for sure; there is no recession on the internet.

There are millions of families that have been affected by the current global financial crisis. Some have lost their homes, their jobs and everything they have owned. Others are looking to build the backup plan or additional income to get them through the tough times. Many are turning to different home business ideas because they offer the flexibility, low cost and lower risks models compared to the traditional brick and mortar business.

Here is my list of what I consider the Top 10 Business Ideas and what they potentially involve:

Blogging – A very low cost of generating income from home; is on the internet and is individual that do this are known as “bloggers”. Blogging is very easy to set up, maintain and gives you the ability to write about topics that you like. There are millions and millions of people online reading a wide range of content on a daily basis. With blogs you could become very successful by attracting certain readers and offer them products and or services that help them. You could also “rent” out space on your blog to different marketers, which in turn provides you with additional income.

Home Based Franchise - The possibilities are near endless of starting a home based internet franchise; and many are recession proof. I have known people to start the own internet franchise but this is much more risky than joining a proven, time tested internet franchise. While an internet franchise can be a huge learning curve for many, I have found this as the most rewarding in more time for what I like to do but also the compensation is normally higher.

Home Based Tutor - Although you may not have thought about this as an option, it has become a very viable one. No matter how bad the economy gets, people are always looking for additional education to enhance the situation that they are in. Many parents are doing everything in their power to obtain the finest education for their children, sometimes even taking out a second mortgage on their home. With the standard education; many people are obtaining tutors to give themselves and their children an educated edge over others. As unemployment rises, many are going back to school and they require some additional tutoring to help with the learning curve.

A Food Home Business - No matter how grim it gets, people still have to eat and many are starting to cut down the amount of times that they go out to restaurants. With a food home business, you want to focus on a niche that is still needed year after year. Many people start a bakery offering wedding cakes, birthday cakes and other different treats involving chocolate. The chocolate industry is booming due to the satisfaction it gives to people and the lower cost compared to other treats.

A Staging Home Business - With the real estate industry plummeting at an uncontrollable rate, home owners need help staging their property to sale. Home owners trying to sell their homes are turning to home staging experts to prep the home to its highest potential. Not only do home owners request home stagers but also banks and real estate agents; to prep and sell the property quickly.

Virtual Assistant- Many companies are trying to reduce their operating costs while improving their profits. Companies have been and will continue to outsource, which gives you the ability to become a virtual assistant. A virtual assistant provides assistance and support to businesses, entrepreneurs, executives and really anyone that needs help but does not want to hire a full time employee. This is a very low cost in high demand home based business idea.

Caregiver – no matter what happens, we are all getting older and caring for the elderly is now and always going to be in high demand. Many of the individuals now that need adult day care are also tightening their wallets but there will come a time that they need additional care and support that you could provide.

Trading Assistants - During a recession more and more people start selling their personal belongings to get by for another month or two. Many people have heard of eBay and Craigslist, the problem lies with many not feeling competent enough to use them. Many people believe it or not, still do not have an email address or never used a computer. For this reason trading assistants exist, they help sell other peoples products in which they obtain a percentage of the sale price.

Cosmetics Consultant - the demand for cosmetics will always be there, mo matter what. Many times during the toughest times is when products like cosmetics are at their peak. There are two primary reasons for this:

People want to continue to enhance their visual appeal to maintain their employment or to gain new employment.

It makes people feel good about themselves, improving self confidence in turn improving productivity.

Affiliate Marketing - This is the home based business idea that many people use online and offline the same. This has become very popular and has exploded as unemployment rises and the recession continues. Becoming an affiliate marketer allows you to make a great deal of money while working from home; selling products like cosmetics, vitamins, soap, educational products and many more.

While I cannot say that I have tried all of the Top 10 Home Based Business Ideas, I can say that I have been involved with a few of them. All of these ideas have pro’s and con’s, each has its own level of risks and rewards. I have had my home based business for quite awhile now and love the freedom and the financial benefits that come along with it.

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Every big or small business is based upon the foundation of fruitful, potential business ideas. And every take over and conglomeration is also based on some overpowering business ideas – from small ventures to something as big as the giant Microsoft buying another giant, Yahoo for a whopping $44.6 billion dollars. Yes, even the biggest of business decisions come from the business ideas taking birth from the human mind.

In this article we will discuss how to convert small business ideas into successful ventures. We will discuss the four pillars of a business that will uphold the projects and deliver satisfying results to your clients and in turn to you. The four pillars of a business are finance, human resource, non human resource (tools, equipments and devices) and marketing.

Hands down, finance is the most important requisite for any business to take birth and grow. It is money that brings human resource and it is money that buys tools and devices. Money is the most important when it comes to marketing and money is important to strengthen each pillar that supports your business.

Now, let us talk about human resource. Sure money can buy the best of manpower. But the will to work and the determination to succeed, is the human factor. A highly motivating team can be created once the path ahead is clear and the goals are spelled out to each of the team members. But they should be provided with adequate resources too so that they can attain the goal – this is where the business needs non human resources that includes hardware and software.

Last, but never the least – marketing – none of your business ideas can be successful unless you sell your products or services. And no product or service can not be sold, unless the consumers come to know about it. Here comes the need for marketing and promotion.